40% of cancers are preventable through lifestyle changes however cancer rates are still on the rise. Third Expert Report, Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: A Global Perspective, from World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR), provides a comprehensive analysis of the worldwide body of evidence on preventing and surviving cancer through diet, nutrition and physical activity.

This paper discusses the importance of exercise in endometrial cancer survivors. It states "the incidence of EC continues to rise around the world due to its adverse, long-term cardiovascular risk factors like, obesity, hypertension, physical inactivity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes"... EC patients should engage in a Survivorship Treatment plan, highlighting a specific prescription for the importance of exercise. EC survivors [with exercise show] the benefits of improved sleep quality, quality of life, and potentially lessen their cardiovascular risk factors".

This paper describes the development of a Lifestyle Management Program to help prostate cancer survivors. The foundations of the study was based on evidence suggesting that multidisciplinary wellness programs  "decrease treatment-related side effects and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and other comorbidities associated with prostate cancer, while also improving overall fitness, health, and quality of life. The program was a community-based 12-wk intervention of group exercise, yoga, and nutrition education sessions. Significant improvements were seen in the physical measures of body composition, flexibility, dynamic balance, muscular endurance, and functional aerobic endurance as well as weekly moderate and strenuous physical activity levels.

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This study found "lower sleeping times and fragmented sleep are independently associated with an increased risk of subclinical multiterritory atherosclerosis. These results highlight the importance of healthy sleep habits for the prevention of cardiovascular disease".

Study showed prediabetic, overweight individuals that went through dietary changes and increased physical activity sharply reduced their chances of developing diabetes. On the contrary, taking metformin (medication to reduce/control blood sugar) less dramatically reduced the chances of developing diabetes.

This study looks at the leading causes of death in the US - and what might be the #1 leading cause? *drum roll* lifestyle —tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption. The study stresses that " health behaviors could greatly influence future health and well-being, especially among patients with chronic disease". Furthermore, the study looks further into the lack of such lifestyle prescriptions given by physicians.

This study looks at why Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, diabetes, and some specific cancers are high in Western countries and how to prevent them. They concluded that "these diseases are not inevitable consequences of a modern society ... low rates of these diseases can be attained without drugs or expensive medical facilities (understandably so, the rates are lower in low-income countries). However, preventing these diseases will require changes in behaviors related to smoking, physical activity, and diet; investments in education, food policies..."

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This study examined how lifestyle changes effected individuals with coronary heart disease. They concluded "comprehensive lifestyle changes may be able to bring about regression of even severe coronary atherosclerosis after only 1 year, without use of lipid-lowering drugs".

This study examined non-diabetic patients with high blood sugar concentrations (therefore high at risk patients) through either:

1. Lifestyle intervention program

2. Metformin program (drug that helped regulate blood glucose levels)

3. A control group program

The study concluded "Lifestyle changes and treatment with metformin both reduced the incidence of diabetes in persons at high risk. The lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than metformin."

This study sought out to investigate whether a Mediterranean diet can reduce the rate of recurrence of another heart attack (after one has already occurred). The study concluded that the diet's protective effect lasted up to 4-years after the 1st infarction.

This study sought out to investigate the claims that vegetarian dietary patterns are associated with reduced mortality. They concluded "vegetarian diets are associated with lower all-cause mortality and with some reductions in cause-specific mortality." 

This study wanted to find the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. The study found  "abnormal lipids, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, abdominal obesity, psychosocial factors and alcohol, ..." (lack of) "... consumption of fruits, vegetables, and regular physical activity account for most of the risk of myocardial infarction worldwide in both sexes and at all ages in all regions." and therefore concluded, "approaches to prevention can be based on similar principles worldwide and have the potential to prevent most premature cases of myocardial infarction" - in other words lifestyle interventions can prevent most premature cardiovascular diseases.